For many children, this freedom can feel exciting at first. However, while a break from school can be beneficial, completely losing structure for several weeks can sometimes create unexpected challenges for children and parents alike.
In this guide, Dr Rowanne Dinning, Clinical Psychologist at Cygnet Health Care, explains that routines do much more than organise our day, they also support developing brains, emotional wellbeing and a child’s sense of security.
Why summer holidays can feel difficult for children
Children often thrive on predictability. During term time, they become used to regular routines such as waking up at similar times, eating meals, attending school, seeing friends and taking part in activities.
When that structure suddenly changes during the summer holidays, some children may find it difficult to adjust. While many enjoy the freedom and flexibility, others can feel unsettled, overwhelmed or uncertain about what each day will bring.
Routine helps support developing brains
Routine does more than organise the day. Repeated daily habits help children practise important “executive functioning” skills managed by the brain’s prefrontal cortex, including planning, decision-making, problem-solving and self-regulation.
When children follow familiar routines, these skills are exercised regularly and the neural pathways associated with them are strengthened. This does not mean children are harmed by enjoying a break from structure, but maintaining some consistency can help support their development and wellbeing.
Changes in routine can increase stress
Many people assume children become less stressed during school holidays. However, for some children, the opposite can happen.
Without clear expectations or structure, children may feel unsettled, overwhelmed or uncertain about what the day will bring.
This can contribute to an increase in stress responses within the body, including elevated cortisol levels. Over time, persistent stress can affect mood, behaviour and emotional wellbeing.
Predictability helps children feel safe and in control. When routines disappear entirely, some children may become more restless, impulsive or sensitive to everyday frustrations, particularly if they already experience anxiety or emotional difficulties.
Emotional regulation can become harder
Predictability helps children feel safe and in control.
During school terms, routines provide familiar cues throughout the day, helping children understand what happens next. This predictability can support emotional regulation.
When routines disappear entirely, children may become bored, restless or more impulsive. Some children may also become more sensitive to everyday frustrations that they would normally manage well.
For children who already experience anxiety or emotional difficulties, these changes can sometimes feel particularly challenging.
Sleep, memory and concentration
Sleep plays an essential role in healthy childhood development. During sleep, the brain processes the day’s experiences, strengthens learning and memory, and carries out important repair and growth processes.
During the summer holidays, children may experience:
- Later bedtimes
- Sleeping in more often
- Increased screen use in the evening
- Irregular sleep schedules
Even small changes to sleep patterns can affect mood, concentration and energy levels.
Routine also helps regulate the body’s circadian rhythm – the internal clock that influences sleep, appetite and energy levels. When sleeping, eating and activity patterns become irregular, some children may find it harder to focus, manage emotions and maintain consistent energy throughout the day.
What are the signs that a child may be struggling during the summer break?
Children may not always say they feel anxious or stressed directly. Instead, parents may notice:
- Increased irritability
- More emotional outbursts
- Changes in behaviour
- Difficulty concentrating
- Increased clinginess
- More arguments or frustration
Supporting children during the summer holidays
Summer should be a time for rest, enjoyment and creating positive memories. The aim is not to recreate school at home, but to provide enough structure for children to feel supported and secure.
Here are some practical ways to help:
Keep hobbies and interests going
Encourage children to continue activities they enjoy, whether that’s sport, reading, music, creative projects or other hobbies. Providing choice can help children stay engaged and motivated.
Encourage social connections
Regular contact with friends, relatives and trusted adults can help children maintain important social and emotional connections throughout the holiday period.
Maintain a healthy sleep routine
Bedtimes do not need to mirror school nights exactly, but keeping sleep and wake times broadly consistent can help support wellbeing.
A calming bedtime routine might include:
- Reducing screen use before bed
- Reading together
- Creating a calm and comfortable sleep environment
Keep meal times relatively regular
Consistent meal times can help support energy levels, mood and sleep patterns. Aim for regular opportunities to eat throughout the day where possible.
Make time for movement
Physical activity does not have to be structured or organised. Playing outdoors, family walks, cycling, dancing or active games can all contribute to wellbeing and help regulate energy levels.
When to seek support
School holidays can place additional pressure on families, especially when balancing work, childcare and other responsibilities.
If your child appears to be struggling significantly with their emotions, behaviour or wellbeing, or if family life is becoming particularly challenging, it may be helpful to seek support.
Speaking to your child’s school, GP or local support services can be a good first step.
Finding the right balance
Children do not need every moment of the day planned. In fact, boredom can sometimes encourage creativity, imagination and problem-solving.
The goal is not a perfect routine, but a healthy balance between freedom and predictability.
By maintaining a few simple routines and providing opportunities for connection, activity and rest, parents and carers can help children feel secure, supported and ready to make the most of their summer holidays.
This guide has been reviewed by Dr Rowanne Dinning
Dr Rowanne Dinning is a Clinical Psychologist working within Cygnet’s Children and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS).